What is the first thing that comes to mind when you hear Kathakali? The bright colours, makeup, and elaborate costumes, right? However, that is only the beginning. There is a lot more to Kerala state’s iconic dance-drama of all time, Kathakali. It has a centuries-long legacy of captivating storytelling. Keralites see the art form as the state’s pride as well as the symbol of their cultural heritage, even referring to it as the Suvarna Kala, which means “golden art”.
Kathakali, which translates to "the art of storytelling through movement". It is a combination of the Malayalam words Katha, which means story, and Kali, which means play or performance. Every movement in Kathakali Kerala dance with hands, i.e., mudras, eyes, and facial expressions, carries deep meaning. And the music and costumes also differ according to the characters performed.
The combination of dance, drama, music, expression, and elaborate costumes creates a visually stunning experience that you will remember for a long time. So, as a Keralite, you should know about Kathakali, an integral part of our culture, in detail right from the history, characters, makeup, costumes and more.
The centuries-long history of Kathakali continues to inspire generations to this day. The art form changed over time, from being played in temples, royal courts, and village squares to becoming an internationally recognised classical art form. There are many royal kings and masters who contributed greatly to the development of Kathakali. The story of the birth of Kathakali goes like this:
So, this is the history of Kathakali. It is a deeply spiritual, aesthetically striking, and emotionally stirring representation of Kerala's cultural identity today.
Kathakali is a stunning art form that brings life to our epic stories and characters of ancient epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata. The way it tells stories is not through words. On the other hand, the whole body conveys the story beautifully through powerful facial expressions, graceful hand gestures (mudras), and soul-stirring music. It is an experience you should have because it stays with you forever, even after the curtains close.
MemoryTrain captures the pure magic you witness on stage in our handcrafted resin Kathakali sculptures. You can bring the characters you see to your living space, which will be a daily reminder of your experience and a piece that celebrates India’s vibrant cultural legacy. One should know what every colour, makeup, and character means to truly understand the depth of the stories. So let's have a closer look.
You know that Kathakali is a greatly visually appealing dance form with colourful and eye-catching costumes, makeup, and various characters. It is enough to keep people looking at it, even if they do not understand. Every colour, pattern, and type of clothes is unique and has different meanings to different characters. It will be interesting to get to know about it. So let’s explore them.
When talking about costumes, they are very unique compared to other prevalent Indian classical dance forms. The performers wear a costume that includes the following:
Because every costume is intricate, the performers can be seen by the audience even from a distance, adding to the visual appeal and enhancing the theatrical effect, signifying the character as heroic, divine, demonic, or spiritual. Makeup and costume are extremely important for the performance. So now we are about to discuss the details about Kathakali makeup.
The makeup in Kathakali is called Chutti (ചുട്ടി). It is symbolic and artistic at the same time. It’s not just the makeup or decoration done; the colours and patterns categorise the different characters:
This colourful and loud makeup with exaggerated eyes, lips, and brows plays a major role in the dramatic storytelling. It enhances the performer’s facial expressions in a way that the complex emotions are conveyed to the audience easily without any words.
The major characters in Kathakali include the following:
| Character Type | Appearance | Represents |
|---|---|---|
| Pacha - പച്ച (Green) | Green face, red lips, ornate crown | Nobility, virtue, divine heroes |
| Kathi - കത്തി (Knife) | Red-streaked green base with white nose knobs | Arrogance, evil, anti-heroes |
| Chuvanna Thadi – ചുവന്ന താടി (Red Beard) | Red beard, fierce makeup | Demons, villains |
| Vella Thadi – വെള്ള താടി (White Beard) | White beard, bright facial features | Divine beings, strength |
| Karutha Thadi - കറുത്ത താടി (Black Beard) | Black beard, dark face paint | Forest dwellers, hunters |
| Kari - കരി | Black face with red and white highlights | Wicked or demonic female characters |
| Minukku - മിനുക്കു | Soft orange/yellow hues, simple features | Women, sages, gentle roles |
| Sthree Vesham - സ്ത്രീവേഷം | Performed by men in female makeup and costume | All female roles |
Kathakali is an art form of movements and gestures with distinct meanings for each of them. The dancers take years to master the technique of speaking through gestures (mudras), facial expressions, and making their bodies surrender to the graceful movements they have to present. Based on the Hastha Lakshana Deepika, there are 24 fundamental Kathakali mudras (hand gestures) that can be used in different ways to express meanings:
| Pataka (പതാക) – Flag | Ardhapataka (അർദ്ധപതാക) – Half flag | Shikhara (ശിഖരം) – Peak |
| Tripataka (ത്രിപതാക) – Three parts of a flag | Kartarimukha (കര്ത്തരീമുഖം) – Scissors face | Kapitha (കപിത്ഥകം) – Elephant apple |
| Mayura (മയൂരം) – Peacock | Ardhachandra (അർധചന്ദ്രം) – Half moon | Katakamukha (കടകാമുഖം) – Bracelet opening |
| Araala (അരാളം) – Slightly bent | Shukatunda (ശുകതുണ്ഡ) – Parrot’s beak | Suchi (സൂചി) – Needle |
| Mushti (മുഷ്ടി) – Fist | Chandrakala (ചന്ദ്രകല) – Digit of the moon | Padmakosha (പദ്മകോശം) – Lotus bud |
| Sarpasirsha (സർപ്പശിരസ്സ്) – Snake’s head | Mrigashirsha (മൃഗശീർഷം) – Deer’s head | Simhamukha (സിംഹമുഖം) – Lion’s face |
| Langula (ലാംഗുല) – Tail | Solaapadma (സോളപദ്മ) – Bloomed lotus | Chatura (ചതുര) – Square |
| Bhramara (ഭ്രമരം) – Bee | Hamsasya (ഹംസാസ്യം) – Swan’s beak | Hamsapaksha (ഹംസപക്ഷം) – Swan’s wing |
These mudras are the foundational vocabulary used in Kathakali's expressive storytelling. Also, Kathakali depicts nine fundamental emotions, including:
It is impressive that the performers, once mastered, can express a world of emotions without any words. Their movements will be perfectly timed and synced with the traditional instruments used, which increases the intensity of the story they present to the audience. The primary instruments of Kathakali music will be discussed now.
In Kathakali, the music and instruments are what make the performance better. The musical style is called Sopana Sangeetham. The style of music is slow and devotional and is performed alongside the dancer performing on stage. The Chenda, Maddalam, Edakka, Chengila, and Ilathalam are the primary instruments that are frequently used. These instruments serve as more than just background music for performances. It interacts with the dancer, highlighting every emotion and the body movements precisely.
The Kathakali artists often begin their training, both physical and spiritual, at a very young age. The years of disciplined practice make them master the complex movements, facial expressions, and eye movements. They need body flexibility, strength, and coordination for the stylised performance. For this reason, Kalaripayattu training is a common component of the physical conditioning of Kathakali performers.
In addition to physical exercises, students participate in vocal training, yoga, and rhythmic footwork. This comprehensive approach develops not only a performer but also a storyteller who has precise control over every gesture.
Renowned Kathakali Institutes:
Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair, Kottakkal Sivaraman, and Kalamandalam Gopi are some of our legendary Kathakali performers. They had been and are an integral part of the development of Kathakali and the preservation of our cultural legacy, inspiring aspiring artists and captivating audiences with their skill.
Even though it has always been a male-dominated dance form, there are women Kathakali dancers who broke the stereotype to become famous artists. Kanak Rele, Chavara Parukutty, Haripriya Namboodiri, and Sunanda Nair are some of them.
Here's the comparison table for Kathak vs Kathakali:
| Feature | Kathak | Kathakali |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | North India | Kerala, South India |
| Performance Style | Circular spins, rhythmic footwork | Dramatic storytelling with expressive movements |
| Music | Hindustani classical music | Sopana Sangeetham, a slow, meditative form |
| Costume | Simple, elegant attire | Elaborate, vibrant costumes with symbolic colours |
| Gesture & Expression | Subtle hand gestures and facial expressions | Rich, expressive mudras and detailed facial expressions |
| Performance Setting | Solo or group performances | Ensemble, often performed in temples or cultural festivals |
| Main Themes | Stories of love, devotion, and divine myths | Stories from the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Puranic legends |
Watching a live Kathakali performance should be on one’s bucket list. To fully enjoy the art form, it is always better to attend them during Kerala’s festival seasons, notably Onam. It is because that’s when performances are at their most vibrant and culturally rich. As part of their yearly celebrations or other special occasions, a number of temples hold Kathakali.
For instance, as part of its yearly celebration, the Chittoor Sree Krishna Swamy Temple in Kochi hosts a six-night Kathakali week. Sreevallabha Temple and Vaikom Mahadeva Temple are two more temples where Kathakali may be performed. Also, there are some venues where you may watch the art form in action: Kerala Kathakali Centre in Kochi and Margi in Thiruvananthapuram. It also offers the opportunity for the audience to watch the makeup preparation.
Kathakali is a multifaceted art form you should never miss. So, when are you going to watch it? Whether you attend a live performance, learn about it or purchase a handcrafted piece, support the art form to ensure that this timeless tradition continues for future generations. Hope MemoryTrain helps you with that. Don’t let our culture fade away, and let it continue through the generations.
You are thinking of what to give your girlfriend on a very very special occasion. The good news is that there are plenty of options. The not-so good news is that you don't know which one to choose from. You will have plenty of choices and ideas to think of. That being said, you should keep in mind that the gesture of gifting will go a long way in making your girlfriend happy.
After all, it is one of the five love languages. That’s right. Gifting is a love language along with
The other 4 can work sometimes in affirming your love but gifting is bound to work all the time regardless of the time and place. With this in mind, this blog will present some of the awesome romantic gift ideas for your girlfriend.
While there are many ideas we can suggest to you, but to make the choices easy for you we will be suggesting seven time-tested ideas you can choose from.
Penning down your deepest feelings involves being honest with your very own vulnerability. You will be thinking, twice, thrice and a lot more about the words to pen down and even question the act, but when you do, it will be the most heartfelt gesture of all because when you chose to be vulnerable, you chose to do so with her.
The effort that you will undertake to pen down a handwritten love letter will be a testament to the effort you are putting into the relationship.
An elegant necklace just goes to show you understand her better than anyone else. It is the embodiment of style, beauty and above all love. It is more than enough to bring a smile to her face. It is also a perfect gift to be worn on any occasion and enhances the style and beauty of your girlfriend even more.
In times of anxiety and stress, plush toys are excellent items for relieving them. Which is why they make a great gift for your girlfriend. It actually shows that you are thoughtful and care for their emotional well being, hence gifting plush toys is a symbolic gesture that shows her mental well-being matters a lot.
Every woman in the world loves flowers. While fresh flowers are a great gift to begin with, they are, however, perishable items that do not last more than a week. Which is why forever roses are ideal. Preserved roses undergo special treatment which preserves their beauty for years. It is a symbol of an everlasting lover that is appropriate for all occasions.
In case you are wondering what forever roses are made of, they are a mixture of water and glycerin. The ratio of glycerin to water may vary depending on the flower type and the desired level of preservation.
Hornbills are a symbol of eternal love because they are known for their lifelong bond and reflect the deep connection they share. The hornbill couple sculpture captures this symbol of enduring partnership well, reminding you of the intimate moments you have spent together.
Made of glazed porcelain, this piece of art’s symbolism is why it makes such a good gift. It shows your girlfriend that just like the hornbill pair, the bond between you will last forever.
We all know love is blind, and this sculpture is a symbol of it.
The hand painted Love is Blind resin sculpture takes you on a nostalgic trip to 1960s India when love was simple. This sculpture serves as a poignant gift that captures the memories of a simpler if not magical time, when the spirit of love was (still is) cherished in a more humble manner. The sculpture is a heartfelt way of showing that when it comes to love, there are no boundaries and that it is eternal.
At a glance, this sculpture just seems like an ordinary piece representing a couple running a small tea shop. But what it truly is a symbol of hope and endurance in humble origins. The Tea Shop Couple represents the story of KR Vijaya and Mohana, who travelled to 26 countries in 6 continents using savings from their humble tea shop.
It is a symbol of shared dreams, perseverance and passion. Gifting this sculpture shows your girlfriend that no matter the odds, your relationship will persevere and endure without losing any of its passion for years to come.
Gifting is a love language that tells your girlfriend that you are more than willing to go the extra mile to make her feel special and loved. Above all, gifting shows that she matters the most to you without having the need for words.
So, what will it be? A pendant she will wear close to her heart - a reminder of the mutual bond you share, a sculpture that represents an enduring bond? Whatever the choice may be, it will symbolise the eternal love between the two, because at the end it is not the price but the effort and thought that counts - you love her with all your heart and it shows. So come on over and be spoiled for choice when it comes to awesome romantic gifts for your girlfriend.
What is the best gift for a girlfriend?
Now there is no best gift for a girlfriend as each girl is an individual with her own interests, ideals and hobbies. But if we have to go out on a limb, we will say that the best gift is the one which shows you have put much effort and thought into it. At the very least it shows that you care for her in more ways than one.
What is the best birthday gift for a girlfriend?
The best birthday gift for your girlfriend will be the one that represents the effort you have put in to remember her interests and of course her special day.
How far would you go for love? A thousand miles, two thousand? Try four thousand miles (About 6400 km if you are wondering). That is how far a young man from India went - literally - to be with the Swedish love of his life.
About 48 years ago, an extraordinary love story unfolded between an Indian artist and a young Swedish woman hailing from the country’s nobility. A story of perseverance, cultural understanding, and bottomless love. Pradyumna Kumar Mahanandia, a humble yet talented artist from India, and Charlotte von Schedvin, a noblewoman from Sweden went beyond distance and cultural barriers to be with each other.
Their story would forever be etched in and prove an inspiration to those willing to go the extra mile no matter the odds. This is their tale.
Pradyumna was born in 1949 in the Athmalik district of Orissa. When he was a child, Pradyumna Kumar Mahanandia was told by his mother - who had gotten his horoscope checked - that he would marry someone who owned a forest, play the flute, and be born under the Taurus sign. Of course, it is not hard to find someone with all those characteristics in his own country.
But the clincher would be that she would be from a faraway land. Skeptical at first, he would realize that this prophecy would come to fruition in the years to come.
As a young artist in Delhi, Mahanandia had made a name for himself as a skilled portrait sketcher. One day in 1975, he met Ann Charlotte von Schedvin, a Swedish traveler visiting India. She had traveled in a van from Sweden to India in 22 days, taking the infamous Hippie Trail that traversed through Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan before ending in India.
Little was she to know that the lover of her life would be taking a reverse route of the Hippie Trail.
But for the moment she requested a portrait from Mahanandia. The interaction between indThe more they talked, Mahanandia realized that Ann was the embodiment of his mother’s prediction. Love materialized between them and they spent some time together as a result. But Ann had to go back to Sweden. Although Mahanandia was crestfallen, their saga had just begun.
Even though Ann Ann had returned to Sweden, Pradyuman could not forget her and it wasn't long before he started missing her and wanted to be with her in Sweden. But there was just one problem though. He didn't have the financial means to book a flight ticket to Sweden.
The price of the ticket and his modest means of income was just as vast as the distance between India and Sweden. However he wasn't going to let a minor detail like this stop him.
Determined to reunite with Ann, Mahanandia decided to do something in that regard. Since buying a plane ticket was out of the question and connectivity between Sweden and India were limited in those days, he decided to do the next best thing - buy a cycle and go all the way to Sweden. He sold all of his belongings to buy one and finally began his journey on January 22, 1977.
His route would take him through Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey, and other European countries, covering approximately 6000 km.
It wasn't easy, the journey. Mahanandia faced extreme weather, hunger, and exhaustion. Language was not a problem until he crossed Afghanistan and into Iran. The communication difficulties proved to be a challenge, to say nothing of the cultural differences in these lands. But he still went on, egged on by his determination to reunite with Ann.
But it wasn't all that bad for Mahanandia. The strangers he met along the way offered food, shelter and above all encouragement. He made good use of his art skills, sketching portraits in exchange for food or money. However, the most valuable thing he got was encouragement. Whenever he managed to communicate why he was undergoing such a perilous journey, he got words of encouragement that further strengthened his resolve.
Mahanandia arrived in Turkey after months of cycling. This allowed him to reach Europe by May 28. From there he could continue to Gothenburg, Sweden, by train. The reunion with Ann was that of tears, joy, and wanton emotion. Mahanandiya had done the impossible, he had literally ‘cycled’ against all odds and triumphed.
After a lot of difficulties, Ann's parents gave their blessings for their marriage. Both settled down in Sweden. They took on each other’s culture and in the process became symbols of love triumphing against all odds.
Their love story is that of a real-life romance. Mahanadia’s journey is a symbol of love’s endurance, along with the courage to follow one's heart.
Drawing (pardon the pun) on the legacy of Mahanadia’s art and journey, we present our product, Love is Blind. It celebrates the power of love to go above and beyond. The art perfectly captures the emotions involved.
Since we are reflecting on the tales of love and resilience, we present this beautiful product - The Tea Shop Couple - A Piggy Bank, it represents togetherness and shared dreams. Like Ann and Mahanandia’s love story, this product symbolizes the essence of companionship and the joy of building a life together.
Mahanandia’s odyssey was not about physical endurance merely. It was about overcoming societal norms, financial difficulties, and above all - self-doubt. His story proves that it is not merely grand gestures that symbolize love. But resilience, patience, and commitment. Every kilometer he took was a step in living through those words.
Pradyumna Kumar Mahanandia’s journey from India to Sweden teaches us that love is more than just words; it is an action, a commitment, and a journey worth taking. His story reminds us that when love is true, no distance is too great, and no challenge is too hard to overcome. Whether through art, journeys, or small gestures, love has the power to defy all odds.
Celebrate love this Valentine’s Day with Love is Blind—a tribute to the stories that redefine love. Let this unique artwork remind you of the lengths we go for love and the beauty that unfolds along the way.
Vadakkunnathan temple is Kerala's oldest and most significant temple, personifying much of the state's culture and history. This temple, founded in the centre of Thrissur, is mainly for the general worship of Lord Shiva himself, and it is all about giving solace when visited for the trip.
The article looks into the temple's architecture and historical relevance to culture, mythology, and influences, making it a wonderful must-see destination.
Vadakkunnathan temple history is a rich amalgamation of origin stories and religious and cultural events.
The myth dates back to when Lord Parashurama, the incarnation of Vishnu, constructed the Vadakkunnathan Temple.
As per the myth, Parashurama threw his axe into the waters and called for the land known as Kerala to rise. He constructed this temple as an offering to Lord Shiva. Some say this temple was established almost 4000 years ago, dating back to the 9th or 10th century CE.
Further, the site became sacred as the Lord enshrined himself here after his famous victory over the demon Daruka, securing its spiritual authenticity.
Apart from many other activities, Vadakkunnathan Temple has been home to various religious and cultural events over the years. It has regularly expanded and renovated many parts, each time shifting architectural styles into the sanctity and grandeur it already possesses. One such occasion is Maha Shivaratri, which annually draws thousands of devotees to the temple.
The temple is also significant during Thrissur Pooram, which features lively music and dance, with decorative work that gathers collective participation and attention to the traditions it forms part of in the state's culture.
The Vadakkunnathan temple is a paragon of Kerala's architectural prowess and demonstration. UNESCO has recognised it as a World Heritage site.
The temple is defined by three main shrines: Lord Shiva, Lord Rama, and Lord Shankara Narayana. It also has a dedicated, exclusive shrine for Goddess Parvati. The outside complexes of the temple are dotted with two smaller temples dedicated to Thiruvambadi and Paramekkavu Devi.
The temple features four imposing gopurams (gateways) facing the cardinal directions, adorned with mesmerising murals depicting scenes from the Mahabharata. The temple's traditional Kerala-style architecture includes a theatre (കൂത്തമ്പലം) embellished with intricate wooden carvings, serving as a stage for ritualistic art forms like Koothu and Nangyar Koothu (കൂത്ത്, നങ്ങ്യാർ കൂത്ത്).
Key highlights include:
Did you know you can study Vadakkunnathan's gateway architecture in great detail with this Temple Gate sculpture? This resin ornament captures the cultural and architectural wonders of the 8th-century temple in great detail.
The Sree Vadakkunnathan temple is part of Kerala's culture and history. It is a melting pot of celebrations and ritual conducts that set it ablaze in an effulgent display of colours, sounds, crafts, and dances.
The grandeur of Sree Vadakkunnathan temple truly magnifies during the Thrissur Pooram festival when the complex exhibits a kaleidoscope of various art forms involving music, songs, dance, and spirited gatherings—turning the temple into a veritable treasure trove of cultural heritage.
The festival is celebrated during Malayalam Medam, a grand celebration from April to May. The temple is beautifully decorated and allures the audience by illuminating a thousand lights, which is a breathtaking view.
Besides the Pooram celebration, the Vadakkunnathan temple is also a cultural centre for almost all celebrations and festivals in the neighbourhood.
The temple has countless celebrations, including the yearly temple festival, Maha Shivratri, Navratri, and Utsavam. Several celebrations are organised into annual milestones using this temple as the foundation. These celebrations are indeed cornerstones, contributing to the preservation of cultural integrity and heritage.
Planning a visit to Kerala's cultural marvel is easy:
Sree Vadakkunnathan Temple is more than an entire cosmos; it is history, part of Keralan architecture's culminating natural beauty, and the very spirit of the state. The temple has won worthy awards for World Heritage Site status and deserves to be experienced in all its glory for its architectural beauty and cultural endowment.
Visit Vadakkunnathan during one of its festivals to truly experience its grandeur and brilliance..
This temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is said to have been built by Lord Parashuram in honour of Lord Shiva.
No, the temple observes strict dress codes (dhoti for men and saree/salwar kameez for women) to preserve the sanctimonious nature of worship in the complex.
Thrissur Pooram is one of the largest festivals in Asia. It celebrates Kerala's culture and traditions. The festival was started by Raja Rama Varma, the Maharaja of Cochin, from 1790 to 1805.
The Western Ghats is a true marvel in the eyes of its beholders. This beautiful range of high peaks and low valleys runs parallel to the majestic western coast of India. Due to its humongous biodiversity, the region is a well-documented World Heritage site, which is UNESCO-approved.
This ancient mountain range is older than the Himalayas—which is why it’s considered a treasure trove of geographical and cultural marvels alike. The mountains are velveted with lush greenery, gorgeous misty peaks, and a vibrant array of wildlife—giving this region the nickname “Great Escarpment of India.”
The Western Ghats is also known for its magnificent stretch across the landscape of India. Not only does it cover six states, but it’s also a geographical marvel that crosses over all cultural barriers—uniting people across demographics under the majesty of its everlasting beauty.
The Western Ghats are home to an astounding variety of ecosystems. From the dense tropical rainforests of the Nilgiris to the dry deciduous forests of Karnataka, this region showcases nature’s adaptability. These varied habitats nurture over 7,400 types of flora and fauna, including many that are endemic.
For centuries, the Western Ghats have been a lifeline for the communities that live along its slopes. Its rivers, including the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, irrigate vast stretches of farmland, while its forests offer medicinal plants and spices like cardamom, black pepper, and cinnamon.
Let’s explore some iconic destinations in the Western Ghats, each offering a unique slice of this natural paradise.
Ooty, or Udhagamandalam, is synonymous with the Western Ghats. Perched at an altitude of 2,240 metres, this hill station in Tamil Nadu has been a beloved retreat since the British colonial era.
Nestled amidst the Palani Hills in Tamil Nadu, Kodaikanal, or “Kodai,” offers a tranquil escape from the hustle and bustle of daily life. Its mist-covered landscapes and cool climate make it a haven for nature lovers.
Pro Tip: If you plan your trip well, you can cover the Ooty to Kodaikanal distance efficiently to make your trips more memorable and interesting.
Tucked away in the heart of Idukki's highs and lows, Vagamon is a lesser-known destination that leaves visitors in awe of its splendid, natural beauty. With its rolling meadows, pineclad valleys, and misty hills, Vagamon feels like a slice of heaven on earth.
The Western Ghats are dotted with countless destinations, each showcasing its unique beauty and cultural significance. Let’s explore a few more jewels of this incredible mountain range.
Idukki is a treasure trove of natural wonders, from its sprawling spice plantations to its breathtaking landscapes.
Munnar, located in Kerala, is famed for its endless tea gardens and cool climate.
Want to explore Munnar in a unique way? Exploring Munnar by KSRTC Bus, Check Out for an exciting travel guide!
Wayanad, in northern Kerala, combines rich cultural heritage with natural beauty.
Known as the “Cherrapunji of the South,” Agumbe in Karnataka is a paradise for monsoon lovers.
Famous for its coffee plantations and misty hills, Coorg is a charming retreat.
The Western Ghats inspire more than just memories—they inspire meaningful gifts.
The Western Ghats are not merely a geographical feature; they are a celebration of life in all its forms. Each hill station, forest, and waterfall is a reminder of the beauty and resilience of nature. Whether you’re sipping tea in Munnar, walking through the pine forests of Vagamon, or exploring the wildlife in Wayanad, the Western Ghats offer an unforgettable journey.
For travellers, nature lovers, and culture enthusiasts, this region is an endless source of inspiration. As you leave, take with you not just souvenirs but also a deeper appreciation for the harmony between man and nature that defines the Western Ghats.
Road trips are always fond memories for avid travellers. The rustic charm of the countryside or a trip through the gorgeous hillscapes of an untouched environment are both priceless experiences—maybe even once in a lifetime.
Nature shines bright and glows green in the land of Munnar. If you are someone who wishes to visit a place that is evergreen yet has seasonal surprises that are unique and timeless—then make Munnar your next destination.
The winding hills of this gorgeous landscape rise high into the clouds. Being the highest point in South India, Munnar touches the clouds while being perched in cool and misty temperatures. It is a dream destination for anyone looking to reorient their spirit and mind.
The landscape of Munnar is composed of many gorgeous sights to behold. From lush tea gardens and glimmering waterfalls to the rolling hills that cover this green canvas—you’ll never run out of things to see here.
This rustic experience becomes even more enhanced when you decide to take a journey that puts your travels in the hands of experienced drivers—and we don’t mean hiring a cab. If you want an authentic view of Munnar's countryside, you have to take it by public transport.
This blog will take a look at how you can explore Munnar from the comfort of a special KSRTC bus route. Without further ado—let’s dive right in.
The legacy of the Kerala State Transport Corporation (KSRTC) buses stretches all the way back to its inception in 1938. Back then, the service operated under a different name—the Travancore State Transport Department.
As laws changed, the transport service also evolved in 1965—becoming the KSRTC that South Indians everywhere can easily recognise. At the time of its evolution, the KSRTC had only 661 bus schedules and 901 buses.
With time, those numbers have risen to staggering numbers as more and more local citizens and foreigners alike have taken to the state’s convenient and affordable form of public transportation.
In recent times, KSRTC buses have been seen as symbols of South Indian connectivity. Even the most remote corners of Kerala are not out of your reach—not while the KSRTC system is up and active.
The Munnar KSRTC route has many offshoots and scenic routes that are perfect for curious travellers looking to make a slow climb along the side of Munnar’s rolling hillscape.
Why not take a cab to Munnar? Why not rent a car? Is it safe to go by bus? These are all questions that can haunt you as you wrestle with the decision to take a bus to Munnar, so let us simplify it for you. Here are four reasons why a KSRTC ride should be part of your Munnar Trip Plan.
With the Munnar KSRTC, you get a front-row seat to witness the splendour of timeless beauty. Your Munnar KSRTC sightseeing bus will take you through winding roads that trace the hills, crossing verdant tea plantations, roaring and refreshing waterfalls, misty-covered valleys, and so much more.
The old Munnar roads are steeped in the heart of nature, offering you the chance to reconnect with nature and your desire to discover.
There are many winding roads that lead to Munnar. Most of these journeys are 3+ hours long. Taking a cab through these winding hills can be expensive, requiring the expertise of veteran drivers who know the hills—those are hard to come by. It can cost you thousands to get to the top.
OR—you can take the KSRTC. For roughly 200 INR, you can make it up the hill of Munnar without worry or hassle. The KSRTC drivers that commandeer these routes travel the old and winding Munnar roads on a daily basis. They know each turn and bend like the back of their hand—so you can rest easy knowing your wallet is full and that your life is in experienced hands.
We also have a unique product called 'Hills of the South' which beautifully captures the essence of Munnar’s lush tea plantations and the scenic journey aboard the KSRTC bus, making it a perfect keepsake for your unforgettable Munnar experience.
The journey matters more than the destination. The best way to enjoy the winding roads that lead to Munnar is to take the most leisurely pace to get there. The Munnar KSRTC is your ticket to that experience.
As the wheels of the bus carry you across these winding hills, you can let your hair back to embrace the cold mountain breeze that caresses your skin. Through the open windows, you can capture the essence of nature unfiltered through your eyes and perhaps your camera.
These buses also occasionally stop at tea stalls that are placed across the winding path so that travellers can take a moment to take in the sights alongside a refreshing and warm cup of tea to go with it.
Life happens everywhere. There is a thriving population of locals who have embraced the hills of Munnar as home. If you are a traveller looking for a down-to-earth experience of everyday life in Kerala—there’s no place better than the hills.
The KSRTC allows you to indulge in Munnar's local sightseeing while being surrounded by the embrace of locals who know the history—knowledgeable locals often have better knowledge than hired tour guides.
One of the most unique offerings of KSRTC in the hills of Munnar is the iconic Munnar-Kanthalloor Tourist KSRTC bus. It is an affordable and scenic option for travellers looking to make the most of a Munnar day tour on a tight budget.
Affordability doesn’t compromise the quality of the tour. The KSRTC can act as your Munnar travel guide, so let’s take a look at the travel itinerary for tourists on the Munnar KSRTC from Munnar to Kanthalloor.
At Memory Train, we celebrate the heritage and richness of Kerala culture in all facets. That is why we have created a travel set composed of unique pieces that act as an ode to their Keralian heritage.
The set consists of a houseboat, an iconic Ambassador car, and a sleek KSRTC bus. These ceramic figures are the perfect Keralian decor to hang on your Christmas tree come wintertime. When your friends ask you about them, you can look back fondly on your Munnar KSRTC trip as you weave a yarn through a timeless Christmas tale.
If you are someone who enjoys the cultural heritage of Kerala and respects the noble standing of the KSRTC in Kerala, take a trip to our online gift shop. Handcrafted with nobility at its core, our travel set collections are designed to spark rich conversations that are steeped in your special memories.
Visit our website to know more.
The Chettinad Mansions, which form part of the rich history surrounding the town of Karaikudi and beyond, are well-known for their unique approach to lasting and sustainable architectural methods. The higher-class residents of Chettinad, known as The Chettiars, are fondly known for commissioning some of the most decadent mansions that put Chettinad’s architecture on the map.
The fusion of local craftsmanship with prominent European influences has helped artisans in this region to craft a new style of architecture that is unique to the region. The intricate woodwork, handcrafted tiles, widened courtyards, and specially designed teak doors are a beaming reflection of the local community’s ties to global trade in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
This blog will take the reader through the different aspects of the Chettinad mansions and their architecture.
The Nattukotai Chettiars and the history of Karaikudi are deeply bound together. At one point, the Nattukotai Chettiars were a prosperous community of merchants with immense knowledge and business skills.
The wealth that was amassed by the Chettiars can be seen reflected in the decadent architectures of the large Chettinad palaces that are prevalent in the region.
These homes were not just residences but status symbols designed to reflect their prosperity, cultural sophistication, and global connections.
The remnants of their marvellous mansions have now been turned into heritage hotels to preserve the legacy of the ambitious Chettiars. Tourists eagerly flock to Tamil Nadu to get a glimpse of these decadent abodes that housed the lost history and culture of the Nattukotai Chettiars.
From their base at the heart of Tamil Nadu, the Chettiars continued to scale their trade across the globe. Soon, it became pertinent for the merchants to venture out of their settlements in search of larger, more profitable business ventures.
With that, the Chettiars began to leave their gorgeous abodes for greener pastures—and they left their heritage and their history behind. These mansions that were once teeming with life and luxury slowly became heritage sites that live on as remnants of a vibrant era of prosperity.
That’s not all that affected the Chettiars; world events that transpired around them also had a wide impact on the lives and decisions of this brilliant merchant colony.
At the height of their power, the Chettiars displayed incredible wealth throughout most of Southeast Asia. At one point, nearly sixty thousand mansions lined the 96 settlement towns that had been established in the Karaikudi region of Tamil Nadu.
In modern times, there are now less than twenty-five thousand mansions remaining. Most have been demolished, and the luxurious elements that made these almost-palaces gleam with grandeur have been sold.
The finances obtained from such demolishings have been repurposed for the maintenance of the remaining palaces, and the rest have been used to keep the towns’ economies flowing.
Now that we have an idea of the rise and fall of the Chettiars. Let’s take a closer look at why the Chettinad Mansions in Tamil Nadu are still considered modern architectural marvels.
The Chettiars bolstered their homes with large, carved wooden doors. The doors were made from the finest teak and were fitted with complex locking mechanisms that would keep the homes secure from intruders.
Many of the doors were fitted with a complex, nine-step locking mechanism that not only provided security but also added to the strength and durability of the door.
The traditional Chettinad mansions were built around an open courtyard. These courtyards were surrounded by rooms on all sides—serving as a gathering place for all members of the family.
These courtyards also doubled as a great source of natural ventilation within each Chettinad mansion. The courtyards are often revered for their beauty and functionality—making them an indispensable piece of the rich history of the ambitious Chettiars.
Guests who visited the Chettiars in the past would have to cross through enormous gates. Once these guests make it through the gate, the next element of the Chettinad mansion that they encounter is the verandah or Thinnai.
This mixture is then moulded and sculpted into delicate yet intricate designs that are inspired by traditional Indian motifs like floral patterns, mythological figures, geometric patterns, etc. Stucco work was often used to decorate the ceilings and walls of these splendid mansions.
The Stucco work that has stood the test of time serves as a reminder of the thought and craftsmanship that went into building each unique Chettinad mansion across the region. The intricacy of the craftsmanship has preserved traditional building techniques and the cultural heritage of Chettinad.
The Nattukotai Chettiars and their immense wealth have left an undying mark on the history of Tamil Nadu. Their legacy is forever preserved in the walls and courtyards of the Chettinadu Mansion that survive in the absence of their guiding hand.
At MemoryTrain, we believe in preserving these memories and educating individuals both near and far about the legacy of the Chettinad Mansions. That is why we have created valuable conversation pieces that tell the tale of these merchants of old and recite their names for new generations to come.
Visit our website or contact us at MemoryTrain to learn more.
When you are looking for an escape from your daily life and routine—the best location is one that is the embodiment of serenity and peace.
One of the best places to silence your mind and appreciate nature’s timeless beauty is the embracing warmth of Kerala’s backwaters. Kerala’s tropical climate bathes the landscape in warm climates, but the state also experiences high rainfall during its annual monsoon season.
What does this mean? It means that Kerala, lovingly called “God’s Own Country,” is home to many large pockets of calm and still lakes that serve as attractive tourist destinations.
The Vembanad Lake is one of the largest backwater bodies in India. Sprawling across the districts of Alleppey, Kottayam and Ernakulam, these waters cover an impressive radius.
The lake is also the perfect spot for freshwater fishing, house boating, and lethargic boat rides—which is why it is so popular among tourists from all over the globe.
What makes these backwaters so majestic is not just the stillness and calm—it is also the rich cultural tapestry that is weaved around the lake, seeping gracefully into the local stories and traditions of the surrounding villages.
Teeming with aquatic flora and fauna, the lake is also famous for its countless fishing spots—where you can witness traditional fishing techniques in action. The cuisine around the lake is famous for its inherent seafood varieties, which are prepared from the freshest fish in Kerala.
One of the more popular backwaters of Kerala, Kuttanad, is one of the most peaceful backwaters in Kottayam.
The terrain of Kuttanad is sprawled with shimmering waterways that include rivers, lakes, canals and creeks—surrounded by the towering canopies of tropical fauna. The scenery of Kuttanad is majestic and quiet, contributing to its allure as an escape from the stress of daily life.
Kumarakom is a small peninsula that feeds into the Vembanad Lake, which is a mainstay for the surrounding locals. Covered in palm trees and natural vegetation, Kerala backwaters Kumarakom is a timeless biome that holds the secrets to Kottayam’s large biodiversity.
The lagoons and canals of Kumarakom are filled with countless rafts and canoes that shuttle back and forth between the narrow shorelines—some are ferries for curious travellers, while others haul in fresh fish that make up a large portion of the cuisine in the area.
Cherai is a unique aspect of Kerala’s lush landscape. This destination blends the aesthetic of the laid-back beach with the stillness and calm of Kerala’s unique backwaters.
Cherai is the perfect place to fish for rare delicacies like lobster and crab—which are abundant in the area. If you are looking to lounge on the beach during the day and row across the palm-fringed backwaters at sunrise or sunset—Cherai is where you need to be.
The backwaters are a testament to Kerala’s scenic beauty. To explore it fully, there are plenty of activities to do in and around the still waters. The most popular activities are as follows:
The backwaters of Kerala are teeming with aquatic life. Many of the locals live off the backwaters, fishing and selling their catches to make a living. Tourists visiting villages on the backwaters have a unique opportunity to taste and sample some of the finest and freshest local cuisines, prepared with fresh fish straight out of nearby fishing holes.
Take a trip back in time on the backwaters with a lazy canoe ride. There are many small canals and waterways within the expansive backwaters of Kerala. You can hire a traditional canoe to take you around on the backwaters as the breezes roll in as the sun sets on the horizon—that will be a picturesque moment that you will cherish forever.
Another great way to experience the ambience and serenity of the backwaters is atop the lofty comfort of Kerala’s majestic houseboats.
You can ride atop Kerala’s backwaters in these large houseboats that are fully equipped with bedrooms, bathrooms and on-call chefs and staff. Enjoy the warm glow of Kerala’s sunsets in the lap of luxury—that’s what these houseboats are all about.
Check out our online collection of houseboat-inspired memorabilia, such as the miniature Kerala houseboat or the Kerala houseboat ceramic mug.
The backwaters of Kerala wouldn’t be complete without the vibrant atmosphere of the toddy shops. Toddy shops, also known as Shaaps, have always been a mainstay at the shorelines of Kerala’s backwaters.
Offering delicious seafood dishes at reasonable prices, paired with the tangy taste of toddy extracted from fresh coconut trees, the ambience of these shops is a main attraction to any tourist who dreams of attaining the complete backwater experience.
The toddy shop experience exemplifies the best of traditional Keralian food preparation and pastimes without encroaching on modern aesthetics. If you are looking for the authentic food and lakeside conversations-you can find both at any backwater toddy shop.
MemoryTrain is your one-stop-shop for all your backwater souvenirs. So take home our floating shaap as a token of your time spent in Kerala’s enchanting backwaters.
Around the monsoon season, the Kerala backwaters host a series of celebratory boat races.
A large number of spectators gather around to watch Kerala’s signature snake boats go head to head in fast-paced competitions. Old boat songs echo from the snake boats as they keep rhythm to row to the finish line.
These snake boats, also known as “Chundan Vallam,” can be up to 100 feet long. Throughout the year, Kerala holds many distinct and energetic boat races and festivals. The most notable boat races are as follows:
To commemorate these staples of Kerala tradition, we have included a collectible known as the Snake Boat Race - Resin Bookend. Show off your love for Kerala culture with this conversation piece.
Being an inherent aspect of the state’s sprawling landscape and culture, the Kerala backwaters are featured earnestly at the forefront of many festivals. Water is an essential element that forms part of the rituals and traditions of festivals like:
You can read more about the Famous Festivals of Kerala on our website to learn more!
The Winter season (Sept to Feb) is considered one of the best times to visit the backwaters of Kerala. The climate in Kerala is ideal during this time—making it the perfect backdrop for scenic views.
The Summer season (Mar to May) is humid and hot in Kerala—with an occasional rain that does little to quench the heat. It is not ideal to visit Kerala during this period. If you are visiting the backwaters during the summer, we recommend you rent out an AC houseboat so that you can coast through the still waters in style.
The Monsoon Season (Jun to Sept) is an aesthetic season in the tropics. The greenery of the state deepens, and the backwaters overflow with fresh water, making it the perfect waterscape for cultural entertainment, such as the snake boat races.
Kerala backwaters are sprawling with countless stories of serenity and tradition. The warm glow of the sun shimmers across the surface of the freshwater lakes in Kerala, leaving you with cosy and scenic memories that will last a lifetime.
At MemoryTrain, we commemorate the timeless serenity of the Kerala Backwaters. Our expanding collection has a variety of conversation pieces that will serve as everlasting tokens for your memories in “God’s Own Country.”
If you are looking to commemorate your time in Kerala—find your perfect souvenir in our online collection. Shop now or contact us to know more.
We have all heard of amazing fantasy scenes in the pages of famous novels. However, what if those fantasies become a reality?—that is Marottichal. Marottichal Village is a village just outside the town of Thrissur in Kerala.
With beautiful overgrown moss groves and ancient trees lining the village, placed within the embrace of multiple decadent waterfalls—Marottichal is a haven that enchants all who walk willingly into it.
The forests around Marottichal are also occupied by mesmerising wildlife, flora, and fauna that will leave visitors awestruck. That is why Marottichal is considered an amazing trekking destination in Kerala.
That’s not all it’s known for. Marottichal is famous for another surprising reason—Chess. Marottichal is known as India’s Chess Village. In this blog, we will take a closer look at the aesthetics of this quaint little village and explore its rich legacy in the realm of Chess.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Marottichal was a secluded village in the Thrissur district. The village faced a lot of systemic issues that crippled its economy, causing families and residents to face endless struggles.
During those years, the village was plagued by rampant alcohol and gambling addiction. Both of these issues would result in a negative communal impact in many ways. With the rise of crime and domestic violence—it was high time for a change.
As the village was struggling to gain a footing towards a peaceful existence, one man had a vision to change the image of this quaint village. A tea master named C. Unnikrishnan wanted to start a wave to help his fellow villagers overcome the demons and hardships associated with gambling and alcohol addiction—that’s where Chess comes in.
Let’s take a closer look at how Chess changed Marottichal's fate.
C.Unnikrishnan was adamant about introducing an activity that could change his villagers’ mindsets, and he succeeded in finding an avenue through Chess. He dedicated his time to transforming his village’s addiction to alcohol and gambling into a recreational addiction to this timeless game.
Today, almost 90% of the village is composed of expert chess players with a deep passion for the game. C. Unnikrishnan personally dedicated his time and resources to teaching 700+ people how to play Chess. This is why Marottichal is known as the “Chess Village of India”.
The cascading impact of his efforts resonated through the village, sparking lifelong curiosity in citizens who once strayed far away from the light of communal living. Reformed alcoholics and gamblers alike attribute their change and growth to Unnikrishnan and his dedication to the game.
Due to their strong love and passion for the game of chess, the village arranged a chess spectacle for 1000 people to play the game. This event is the reason why Marottichal has won the URF Asian awards for the most people playing Chess simultaneously.
Being known for high-brow chess activity, this quaint Chess Village has become a hub of international activity.
Tourists and neighbouring villages alike have found the hamlet of Marottichal a haven of novel and respectable competition. People flock from near and far to put their skills to the test against the chess maestros of Marottichal. In fact, the village has gotten recognition from Viswanathan Anand—the Chess Grandmaster himself!
At MemoryTrain, we celebrate the heritage and rich legacy of Kerala culture. That is why we have created an authentic chess set composed of unique pieces that act as an ode to ancient Keralian heritage.
We have created two unique chess sets known as the Kerala Chess set (Heritage edition) and a smaller Travel Edition. The significance of these sets is two-fold: they honour the history of Kerala and act as a homage to the efforts of C. Unnikrishnan in building up Marottichal.
If you are someone who enjoys the cultural heritage of Kerala and respects the noble standing of the renowned Chess Village in India, take a trip to our online gift shop. Handcrafted with nobility at its core, our Chess sets go beyond the game of Chess to spark conversations that are rich in culture.
Steep your chess games in a bit of culture and revelry with MemoryTrain. Visit our website to know more.
This couples day, let’s take a moment to celebrate the older couples in our lives. This could be your lovely neighbours, your aunts and uncles, your own parents, other friends of your family, or your own better half.
Your long time together has fashioned them into a pair of infinite pearls of wisdom, and their guidance has given you plenty of useful bits of advice over the years.
Take penguins, for example; many species of penguins share their love for one another by collecting and exchanging pebbles. Let’s take a closer look at the significance of this exchange.
In this story, we can see how important the exchange of pebbles is for courtship and bonding. As humans, we might not share the same love for pebbles, but we do care a lot about building valuable memories and showing appreciation through gifts.
As a couple, it is important to always appreciate your partner with tokens of affection. A memorable gift—and that’s where we step in with MemoryTrain!
So give back to the older couples in your life with MemoryTrain. Our online collection of eclectic gifts is designed to tell endless stories. Go through our collection until you find one that signifies the connection between you and your loved ones.
Our collection of gifts for older couples includes mugs, sculptures, figurines, and more that are designed to tell great stories about Indian culture, heritage, and history. Infused with your own memories of your loved ones, each gift is worth countless words of gratitude, affection and care.
If you are wondering where you can find perfect, memorable gifts for older couples in your life—we've got your back.
Check out our blog 'A Love Story Beyond Borders' for heartfelt stories that celebrate love across cultures.
Contact us or visit our online shop today!
Kartick began his journey by aiming to end the ancient Indian tradition of dancing bears, which has existed for over 400 years. Wildlife SOS scavenged across India to locate and liberate bears that had suffered under the hands of those who would exploit them for entertainment.
That’s not all. Kartick and his team have since rescued elephants in cruel captivity. They have also made conscientious efforts to rescue and protect leopards, tigers, reptiles, and other animals.
Let’s take a look at some of Kartick’s success stories.
400 years ago, the courts of the Mughal emperors would bring out bears to dance for their wealthy guests as entertainment.
These tortured animals, known as the Dancing Bears, lived at the end of a 4-foot rope dancing to the tune of traditional drums enduring constant pain and punishment. Most of these bears were separated from their mothers at birth and were tortured by poachers and bear trainers.
400 years since the fall of the Mughal Empire, the tradition of the dancing bears has been continued by a nomadic Indian tribe known as the Kalandars. These tortured bears are now littered across various street corners in India, performing for tourists and passersby.
As cubs, their mothers are brutally murdered by poachers who cart away the cubs for sale to members of the Kalandar tribe. Once a Kalandar tribesman obtains a bear, their faces are mutilated to pass a rope through their snout.
Their teeth are mercilessly knocked out to render these bears harmless and malleable. They are then deprived of their chances at freedom and paraded around as cheap entertainment.
By chance, Kartick Satyanarayan witnessed dancing bears being paraded around by Kalandars to perform for tourists. The visual of these scared animals, the trauma in their eyes, and the atrocious conditions of the bears motivated Kartick to take action.
In 1995, Kartick and Geeta Seshamani co-founded the not-for-profit organisation WildlifeSOS. The first item on their list was the eradication of dancing bears.
Releasing these bears back into the wild was out of the question. What they could provide the bears was a sanctuary where they could live out the rest of their days. Having been plucked from their mothers as cubs, these bears are in need of constant care and attention.
Over the span of about two decades, Kartick and his team tackled this issue on many fronts.
Kartick and his team spent a lot of time creating an extensive network of informers who would locate and inform about dancing bear sightings. Kartick and his team would pinpoint the location and focus on the rescue and relocation of these bears into their sanctuary.
Kartick and his team have rescued more than 1200 bears. The last dancing bear was rescued in December of 2009. His dedication was vital to rendering India free of the practice of dancing bears.
Once the bears are rescued, their ropes are removed, and they are tended to with ultimate care by trained veterinarians. Many of these bears came in malnourished and with many health issues. They have since been rehabilitated and allowed to roam freely within the sanctuary.
The battle doesn’t stop with simple rescue and rehabilitation. The Kalandar tribe treated the dancing bears as their sole source of income. They needed guidance to change their ways.
Kartick and his team dedicated time and effort to training the Kalandars in other vocations. Many Kalandars were convinced to become informants.
They were also educated to pursue other career paths. The women were empowered to take up alternative vocations. Not only that, Wildlife SOS made efforts to educate Kalandar children in wildlife conservation and other academics.
By allowing the Kalandars to gradually opt into the program, they became protectors of the very wildlife they once tamed with fear.
Today, many Kalandars work as informants and wildlife rescue workers. Others have taken up vocations like farming, transport, goods trading, small-time entrepreneurship, etc.
With the Kalandars working together with Wildlife SOS, Kartick has been successful in permanently ending the plight of the dancing bears.
In India, plenty of elephants are still held in captivity or illegally by poachers and cruel masters who work these gentle creatures to the point of exhaustion and death. They are either traded or trained to obey human commands.
These elephants are forced to trek back and forth or perform unnatural tricks under heinous conditions without proper care or nutrition. To domesticate the wild elephant, it is often kept in a cramped cage without food or water for days at a time.
Once the elephant’s spirit is broken, it obeys commands without protest out of fear and trauma. These domesticated elephants are prone to:
Champa was a roadside elephant that provided rides to paying customers. Kartick and Geeta repeatedly encountered Champa on the roadside while searching for dancing bears. They would stop to give Champa treats, but with time, they realized her dire condition.
Champa’s body was battered and bruised, and her owner refused to accept medical care. Champa’s condition eventually worsened, and her owner handed Champa over to WildlifeSOS. The group called on multiple vets to help Champa regain her feet.
Because of Champa, the Elephant Conservation and Care Centre (ECCC) was established in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh. The ECCC tended to Champa’s health and well-being. Champa’s rescue sparked a search for elephants across India that were victims of inhumane circumstances.
Champa was the first elephant that WildlifeSOS rescued. Other elephants with equally tragic stories have since joined Champa at the ECCC. Here are some of the brief stories of elephants who have found the same refuge:
Bhola
Bhola was a victim of a treacherous accident that occurred in Noida. He was found unconscious with broken bones and horrendous bruises. With a steady hand from WildlifeSOS, Bhola survived. He was the second Elephant to enter the ECCC.
Suzy
Suzy was a part of the circus for over 65 years. She was forced to do unnatural tricks and discarded when her mistreatment left her on the verge of death. She was rescued by WildlifeSOS in 2015, and she is one of the oldest residents at the ECCC, now a little over 73 years old.
Raju
Raju’s captors had stolen as a young calf. Raju endured 50 years of torture from multiple owners. His body was covered in scars, bruises and open wounds. He was bound in spiked chains that dug into his legs, causing suffering 24/7. He was malnourished and wounded at the time of his rescue. In the care of WildlifeSOS, Raju plays joyfully in the water and mud, living out his remaining days.
Kartick’s journey is filled with the unspoken gratitude of thousands of animals. Having fallen prey to the hands of cruel fate, these animals have since become a mainstay in Kartick’s life with WildlifeSOS.
Their stories are an indication of how far society has to advance to be true partners in wildlife conservation. Many of the rescued animals are endangered. As a people, we have to step up and fight to preserve our wildlife for future generations.
Kartick and his team at WildlifeSOS repeatedly teach us that a little compassion can go a long way. With the right level of dedication, anyone can move mountains.
At MemoryTrain, we are firm believers in the power and magic of nature. Every beautiful creature that exists in our world should be cared for and protected in order to avoid extinction.
That is why we have dedicated ourselves to creating a growing collection of wildlife memorabilia that are created from high quality materials. Our collection of mugs and sculptures are a budding set that is continuously expanding.
With time, we intend to spread awareness about wildlife conservation to assist Kartick and his warriors at WildlifeSOS in their fight.
Our specially crafted mug, known as "Tusker Tale" is an ode to Kerala’s state animal—the elephant. It also pays homage to Kartick and WildlifeSOS for all their dedication and hardwork to preserving the lives of tortured elephants.
We also have beautiful sculptures like the “Hornbill Couple” and the “Malabar Giant Squirrel” that serve as excellent starters for intelligent discussions about wildlife conservation. Join us in commemorating the magnitude of our planet and its wildlife.
Make memories that transform thought with MemoryTrain. Contact us to know more.
Theyyam is a Hindu ritual that is practised commonly in northern Kerala and parts of Karnataka. This ritual is also known as Kaliyattam or Thira. The ritual consists of certain traditions and customs that are associated with specific temples and sacred groves of the Malabar region.
To the inhabitants of northern Kerala, Theyyam is considered a channel of communication that connects the people directly to the gods from whom they seek blessings. Theyyam in Kerala is celebrated by the Northern Malabar region, which consists of
Theyyam starts in Thulam. Thulam is a month on the Malayalam calendar that usually falls during October. Theyyam starts on the tenth day of Thulam and can last up to seven months till the middle of Edavam—which typically falls between late May and early June. The final Kaliyattam of the Theyyam season is usually performed at Madai Kavu and Kalarivathukkal Bhagavathy Temple, both of which are Kolathiri royal family shrines.
The Keralolpathi goes into detail about the inception and early history of Kerala. Lord Vishnu’s sixth incarnation, known as Parasurama, was the entity that recovered a large landmass from the depths of the ocean. This landmass became known as Kerala. Once Kerala was created, Parasurama sanctioned a variety of dance forms like Puravela, Kaliyattam, Daivattom, and Theyyattam for the devotees of the North Malabar region.
It is believed that Theyyam evolved from earlier forms of Kaliyattam. Parasurama blessed the indigenous tribes like Malayar, Pana, Velan and Vannan tribes with the responsibility of carrying out the Theyyam dance. This ensured that these marginalised tribes were seen and heard at religious gatherings due to their significance to this ancient ritual.
The Nambiars and Thiyyas (Ezhava) were charged with the patronage of Theyyam. At one point in time, every Tharavadu had their own Theyyam festivals during auspicious moments during the year. Offering patronage for the dances was the only action permitted by Parasurama’s decree on members of the higher caste—Nairs were prohibited from performing the Theyyam dance.
Nairs were still required to participate in the ritual as spectators, honouring the deities as they took form within the tribal artists who performed the dances and rituals. In a way, the Theyyam dance offered solace to people from all walks of life as an equaliser that transcended the limitations imposed by caste and creed.
In total, there are around 456 different forms of Theyyam. Each type has its own variations and themes. Depending on story and tradition, both men and women can take up forms of Theyyam; many Theyyam forms celebrate Shiva, but others also include deities like Vishnu, Yama, the Goddess Shakti, and more.
The Key forms of Theyyam that have the greatest significance are:
Theyyam dances seldom take place on a stage. That is not the purpose of the art form. The intent of the ritual is to pay respects to specific deities while passing down their stories to the next generation. It is oral storytelling steeped in ancient traditions that precedes much of known Indian history.
Usually, Theyyam dances take place around the village shrine. Devotees of all castes and creeds gather around the artists and serve as spectators to rituals that can last anywhere between 12 to 24 hours.
As trained drummers find their rhythm in traditional drums, the Theyyam dancer will recite a unique ritual song. The song is crafted to eloquently talk about the myths and legends of the deity that is enshrined in the village. As the ritual goes on, other folk instruments will join in to complement ritual harmony.
Due to the long duration of the Theyyam ritual, short intervals are placed between various acts of the story. After a short interval, the Theyyam dancer will appear, covered in traditional Theyyam makeup that consists of specialised patterns like kozhipushpam, vairadelam, kattaram, kotumpurikam and prakkezhuthu.
The dancer will approach the shrine in their new makeup. Ritual music begins to play, and the positive energy offered by the performers passes through the Theyyam dancer. The artist will then slowly transform into the village deity. This will prompt them into highly energetic and ritualistic dance. The dancer will make his way around the shrine multiple times, acting as the avatar of the shrine deity.
Theyyam is meant to connote a human vessel for ‘Deivam,’ meaning God. It is believed that during the performance of the ritual, God enters the body of the performer. That is why, during Theyyam, the performers are considered visible manifestations of the deity and their blessings. The Theyyam dance begins as soon as God enters the performer. The performance continues until the performer comes out of their trance.
Theyyam starts with an invocation known as thottam. As per tradition, it is believed that after thottam has been invoked, the performer will gradually transition into the respective shrine deity and dance with vigour to the beat of folk instruments like perumbara, kuzhal, chenda, ilathalam, veekni and chermangalam.
The art form of Theyyam is an illustrious part of the Keralian legacy. A major aspect of Theyyam artistry is the elaborate folk painting done on the face and body of the performer. Typically, the colour of the face paint is orange with red accents to make it stand out at night. Let’s take a closer look at the aspects of Theyyam's artistry:
Ritualistic invocation: Before the performance can start, another ritual needs to take place. Handled with extreme care and artistry, the performer undergoes a purification ceremony that seeks to bestow blessings upon the performer. This ceremony is also crucial to putting the performer in the right state of mind to channel the gods.
Characters: Palanthai Kannan, Kuruvat Kurup, Lord Vishnu
The story of Vishnumoorthi Theyyam is closely associated with the town of Nileshwar. The story follows a great devotee of Lord Vishnu, named Palanthai Kannan. As a boy, he grew up in Nileshwar. One day, he picked mangoes from a tree belonging to Kuruvat Kurup, a member of a higher caste.
As punishment for his acts, Kuruvat Kurup had Palanthai Kannan harshly beaten by his guards. This prompted Palanthai Kannan to leave his hometown. He fled his village and sought refuge in a Vishnu temple in Mangalore, where he resided for 12 long years.
Eventually, Lord Vishnu urged Palanthai Kannan to head back in search of his hometown of Nileshwar. The devotee made his way back home. Once he reached Nileshwar, Palanthai Kannan bathed in a pond reserved for the upper caste. Kuruvat Kurup and his followers were enraged when they heard the news. They assaulted Palanthai Kanna, and the attack led to his untimely death.
Enraged by Kuruvat Kurup’s actions, Lord Vishnu brought down disasters in the area surrounding the Kuruvat Tharavad. Kuruvat Kurup was frightened and consulted an astrologer for answers. The astrologer recognised the presence of Lord Vishnu and instructed Kurup and his family members to build a shrine dedicated to Lord Vishnu. From that moment on, he became known as Vishnumoorthi, and the deity is said to reside at Vaikundeswara Temple in Nileshwar.
Theyyam takes place in many temples across Northern Kerala. This string of temples, known as the ‘Theyyam Belt.’ stretches from Kasargod to Vadagara. Theyyams do not have a fixed location. They move from place to place. According to local beliefs, the smaller shrines follow traditions much closer than those under Brahmanical patronage.
Theyyams are also a mainstay in many traditional Kerala homes. They can take place during auspicious occasions on any open stage. For tourists looking to maximise their Theyyam experience, here are a few key locations where you can immerse yourself in the art form.
Plenty of auspicious Theyyam rituals take place at this location. The theyyams performed here include Wayanattu Kulavan (Thondayyan), Vishnumoorthi Theyyam, Vallar Kulangara Bhagavathy, and Sree Bhootham. Theyyam rituals take place at this temple around early December.
This temple is located in a sacred grove that has its own unique customs and rituals. This holy place is maintained in a conventional style. The theyyams performed here include Kannikkorumakan, Kuttisasthan, Bhairavan, Raktha Chamundi, Angakulangara Bhagavathy, Madayil Chamundi, and Vishnumoorthy. Theyyams take place here in early December as well.
This holy ground is the home of Guliyanka Bhagavathy, who is a prominent deity of this family. The theyyams performed here include Guliyanka Bhagavathy, Vishnumoorthy, Chamundi, Bali, Kundoor, and Kurathi.
Theyyam dances are a matter of pride for the people of Kerala. With a rich legacy and countless influential stories, the practice of Theyyam has had a profound impact on Kerala culture and tradition.
At MemoryTrain, we commemorate age-old Keralian traditions. In order to spread awareness and protect the stories of the state, we offer various handcrafted memorabilia that are great conversation starters. Our Kerala collection offers tokens of deep connection to the state in the forms of mugs, ornate chess boards, figurines, sculptures, and more.
If you have a story to tell about your time in Kerala, you can find the right vessel for those stories in our online gift shop.
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For similar sculpture pieces, check out our product Kathakali Sculpture– Art in Silence, the classical dance drama of Kerala captured in art.
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